SAB

Iron Chelate and Rhizobactria Changed Growth, Grain Yield, and Physiological Characteristics in Maize

In order to investigate the effect of iron chelate and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on maize, an experiment was conducted as completely randomized block factorial design with three replicates. The first factor included of bacterial strain: S1= Control (without use of bacteria), S2=Azotobacter chroococcum and S3= Azospirillum brasilens and the second factor included of iron chelate: F1= Control, F2= soil application of Fe chelate, F3= foliar application of Fe chelate, F4= soil application of nano Fe chelate and F5= foliar application of nano Fe chelate. The results showed that the highest grain yield and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) enzymes activity were obtained at the S3F5 treatment and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) at S1F5 treatment. Except the content of phosphorus in leaves and carotenoid, PGPR had significant effect on biological yield, the content of chlorophyll ‘a’ and ‘b’, yield components (number of seed per row of the ear, number of rows per ear and thousand seed weight) and nutrient elements in both the seeds and leaves. However, iron chelate, increased the yield components, but among the iron chelate treatments, the highest amount of chlorophyll ‘a’ and ‘b’ in leaves and phosphorus in seeds were obtained at F5. These results suggested that foliar application of nano Fe chelate and Azospirillum brasilens could be improvement of maize plant productivity.

Antioxidant enzyme activity, Iron chelate, Maize, Photosynthetic pigments, Rhizobacteria

Heidari, M., Salmanpour, L., Ghorbani, H., Asghari, H.R. (2018): Iron Chelate and Rhizobactria Changed Growth, Grain Yield, and Physiological Characteristics in Maize. Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica, 49, 245-254. DOI: 10.2478/sab-2018-31

Files for download

sab-2018-04-01-heidari.pdf

Size 1.55 MB

Download file

Effect of Tillage and Poultry Manure Rates on Physiological Growth and Yield of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

A field trial was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Ilorin during the 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons to assess the effect of tillage methods and poultry manure application on the growth and yield of sesame. The experiment was laid out as a split plot arrangement, fitted into a randomized complete block replicated thrice. The factors consisted of three tillage methods and four levels of poultry manure application (0, 5, 10, and 15 tha^–1). The result revealed that tillage and poultry manure significantly (P<0.05) increased the growth and yield of sesame. Increasing the rate of poultry manure resulted in an increase in the net assimilation rate, relative growth rate, and crop growth rate. The yield in 2016 was higher than that of 2015 due to higher rainfall and residual effect of the previous cropping season. Yield per hectare was optimized using conventional tillage method and poultry manure at 15 tha^–1. Although the conventional tillage and poultry manure treatments produced the highest yield, the control plot gave the highest cost and returns (return per investment) in the two years of study due to high cost of farm inputs. The result of the study further affirms farmer’s reluctance on the use of external inputs for yield enhancement in sesame.

Soil manipulation, organic amendment, performance, sesame

Eifediyi, E.K., Komolafe, O.A., Ahamefule, H.E., Falola, A. (2018): Effect of Tillage and Poultry Manure Rates on Physiological Growth and Yield of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica, 49, 255-266. DOI: 10.2478/sab-2018-32

Files for download

sab-2018-04-02-eifedyi.pdf

Size 1.57 MB

Download file

Monitoring of Bioactive Compounds of Tomato Cultivars as Affected by Mulching Film

The influence of varieties and the effect of mulching film on antioxidant capacity, polyphenol content, ascorbic acid content, and yield of tomato fruits were investigated. Results of two years (2012 and 2013) investigations were compared. The results proved a statistically significant effect of year, mulching film, and variety on the content of total polyphenols (0.92–1.49 g gallic acid equivalents per kg of fresh weight (FW), ascorbic acid (26.66–38.62 mg per 100 g FW), and antioxidant capacity (1.12–1.94 g ascorbic acid equivalents per kg FW), while the values were the highest in 2013 and in uncovered soil. Conversely, a higher yield was found in mulching film compared with uncovered soil, also in 2013 (48.65–120.38 t ha^–1). There was a negative correlation between the yield and the content of bioactive compounds (BC) and antioxidant capacity. The content of bioactive substances, antioxidant capacity, and yield of tomato fruits is dependent on the vintage, agronomical interventions, and genotype.

Solanum lycopersicum, varieties, mulching, yield, antioxidant capacity

Valšíková, M., Mlček, J., Snopek, L., Rehuš, M., Škrovánková, S., Juríková, T., Sumczynski, D., Paulen, O. (2018): Monitoring of Bioactive Compounds of Tomato Cultivars as Affected by Mulching Film. Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica, 49, 267-273. DOI: 10.2478/sab-2018-33

Files for download

sab-2018-04-03-mlcek.pdf

Size 1.34 MB

Download file

Localization of Estrogen Receptors in Male Reproductive Tissues and Sperm Cells – A Review

The effect of endogenous estrogens on the male reproductive tissues and development of gametes is an essential for the reproductive success. Estrogens affect the target cells via estrogen receptors (ERs) by both genomic and non-genomic pathways. The ER localization in the testis, epididymis, and sperm cells is a key to understanding the effect of estrogens on the sperm development, maturation, and function. The ER detection in male reproductive tissues and sperm cells at different development stages is described in representative mammalian species (human, mouse, rat, horse, and pig), in which the ER localization has been most described. According to various authors the ER occurrence in the male reproductive tissues and spermatozoa is quite distinct. Discrepancy in the published results is probably caused either by the application of different tissue preparation methods, or the choice of specific antibodies. Inconsistent findings should be subjected to further investigation to better understand the role of ERs in the male gamete development and mammalian reproduction

ER?, ERß, GPER, testes, epididymis, germ cells

Krejčířová, R., Postlerová, P., Rajmon, R. (2018): Localization of Estrogen Receptors in Male Reproductive Tissues and Sperm Cells – A Review. Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica, 49, 274-284. DOI: 10.2478/sab-2018-34

Files for download

sab-2018-04-04-postlerova.pdf

Size 1.36 MB

Download file

Analysis of Cutaneous Microbiota of Piglets with Hereditary Melanoma

Malignant melanoma may be a life-threatening disease caused by various conditions. Cutaneous bacteria could play a role in melanoma development or regression. The present work aimed to analyze the bacterial species present on the epidermis of piglets with hereditary melanoma. Bacteria isolated by swabs directly from melanomas and healthy epidermis were analysed using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. From the total of 290 isolates, 92 were identified, while the extraction by ethanol turned out to be more efficient compared to identification by direct transfer. Staphylococcus sciuri, Staphylococcus cohnii, and Lactococcus lactis were significantly more frequent on healthy skin, whereas Staphylococcus chromogenes, Staphylococcus hyicus, and Enterococcus faecalis have thrived significantly better on melanoma. Overall, the results indicate that the microbiota of melanoma is different from that of healthy epidermis, so piglet skin bacteria inspections are recommended.

bacteria, skin, cancer, pig, MeLiM

Švejstil, R., Salmonová, H., Čížková, J. (2018): Analysis of Cutaneous Microbiota of Piglets with Hereditary Melanoma. Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica, 49, 285-290. DOI: 10.2478/sab-2018-35

Files for download

sab-2018-04-05-svejstil.pdf

Size 1.3 MB

Download file

Adhesive Property of Different Strains of Lactobacilli in the Presence of Resveratrol

The ability of bacteria to adhere to the intestinal epithelial cells is one of the main criteria for selection of new probiotic strains. Some dietary polyphenols have been proven to affect bacterial adhesion, providing a rationale for the use of mixtures of polyphenols and probiotics. Resveratrol, a naturally occurring stilbene in plants, has been shown to have a number of beneficial biological effects. The adhesion ability of four Lactobacillus strains (Lactobacillus brevis, L. fermentum, L. gasseri, and L. plantarum), in the presence of resveratrol, has been investigated in an in vitro model based on mixed co-culture of Caco-2 and HT29-MTX intestinal epithelial cells. The effective concentration of resveratrol used in the adhesion experiment has been selected based on cytotoxicity test. Resveratrol at three physiologically low concentrations (4.5, 2.25, and 1.125 µg ml^–1), added together with the bacterial suspension, had no statistically significant influence on the adhesion of any strain (P < 0.05).

Since the health benefits of polyphenols are often associated with the composition of gut microbiota, the knowledge of interactions between known bacteria and polyphenols would be of high scientific value.

bacterial adherence, Caco-2, HT29-MTX, microbiota, stilbenes, polyphenols

Jarosova, V., Doskocil, I., Volstatova, T., Havlik, J. (2018): Adhesive Property of Different Strains of Lactobacilli in the Presence of Resveratrol. Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica, 49, 291-296. DOI: 10.2478/sab-2018-36

Files for download

sab-2018-04-06-havlik.pdf

Size 1.35 MB

Download file

Chromium in Anthropogenically Polluted and Naturally Enriched Soils: A Review

Chromium (Cr) is a very important element examined for last decades on many expert fields. Its toxicity, mobility and bioavailability are strongly dependent on its oxidation state, Cr(III) and Cr(VI). Hexavalent form Cr(VI) is a known carcinogen with many harmful effects on living organisms, on the other hand trivalent Cr(III) form is an important micronutrient necessary for lipid metabolism. Contamination of the environment by Cr may come from anthropogenic industrial pollution or from naturally enriched sites, especially ultramafic rocks and their derived soils. Environmental conditions of soils and water represent a very complex system, which makes reliable assessment of its fate and potential toxicity and transport a really difficult task. A number of studies have been performed to describe Cr behaviour in these systems, as well as to optimize its determination, especially speciation methods. The main objective of this contribution is to summarize and present the today’s knowledge about the occurrence, speciation, and behaviour of Cr in soil environment, with a specific emphasis to description of differences between naturally enriched and anthropogenically contaminated soils.

speciation, mobility, serpentine soils, contamination, toxicity

Jeřábková, J., Tejnecký, V., Borůvka, L., Drábek, O. (2018): Chromium in Anthropogenically Polluted and Naturally Enriched Soils: A Review. Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica, 49, 297-312. DOI: 10.2478/sab-2018-37

Files for download

sab-2018-04-07-jerabkova.pdf

Size 1.74 MB

Download file

Potential of Submerged Vegetation to Remove Nutrients from Eutrophic Fishponds

The possibility to remove nutrients from two eutrophic fishponds in the Czech Republic through harvesting the dominant submerged species, Ceratophyllum demersum and Stuckenia pectinata, was evaluated. Both plants were sampled in three locations within the fishpond in two-week intervals from late June to late September 2016. In the biomass of both plants nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were measured and, subsequently, standing stocks of both elements were calculated. The results revealed that the maximum biomass occurred at different times, in June for S. pectinata and in July for C. demersum. The maximum standing stocks were 3.61 and 7.44 g N m^–2 and 0.13 and 0.53 g P m^–2, respectively. These values are within the range reported in the literature for the studied species, but they are about one order of magnitude lower when compared to tall emergent species. The total amount of removable nutrients in the monitored fishponds varied between 448 and 842 kg N and between 30.5 and 31.9 kg P.

macrophytes, Ceratophyllum demersum, Stuckenia pectinata, phosphorus, nitrogen, shallow water

Petrů, A., Vymazal, J. (2018): Potential of Submerged Vegetation to Remove Nutrients from Eutrophic Fishponds. Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica, 49, 313-324. DOI: 10.2478/sab-2018-38

Files for download

sab-2018-04-08-vymazal.pdf

Size 2.03 MB

Download file

Development of the Method on the Prediction of Soil Plat Penetration Resistance

During operation, the lug wheels penetrate the soil and form certain angle to the soil surface at varying penetration depths. In order to determine the soil reaction force against plate penetration given to the soil, penetrometer was mounted on the plate.Plate sizes used in this experiment were 5x5 cm2, 5x10 cm2, 5x15 cm² and 5x20 cm². The measurement was carried out at varying angles and depths i.e. 90°, 75°, 60°, 45°, 30° and 4 cm, 8 cm, 12 cm and 16 cm, respectively. The objective of this research was to develop the method on the prediction of soil plat penetration resistance at varying depths and angles. Prediction method was developed using linear or polynomial regression method which compared with Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The research showed that ANN generated better prediction value which indicated by lower error magnitude compared with regression method i.e. 9.9% and 19.7%, respectively.

penetrometer; plate; force; regression; ANN

Rizaldi, T., Hermawan, W., Mandang, T., Pertiwi, S., Rudiyanto (2018): Development of the Method on the Prediction of Soil Plat Penetration Resistance. Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica, 49, 325-332. DOI: 10.2478/sab-2018-39

Files for download

sab-2018-04-09-rizaldi.pdf

Size 1.66 MB

Download file

Consistency of Open Data as Prerequisite for Usability in Agriculture

Benefits of open data are diverse and range from improved efficiency of public administrations, economic growth in the private sector. Agriculture is also an inseparable part of the private sector. These data can stimulate economic growth. Economy can benefit from an easier access to information, content and knowledge in turn contributing to the development of innovative services and creation of new business models (European Data Portal, 2016). The prerequisite of this stimulation is consistency of open data. Both of these features have to be a part of these data quality. However, this aspect of open data quality has not yet been satisfactorily resolved in the framework of international standardization of quality (Systems and Software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE)). The issue of possible evaluation of open data consistency in agriculture is discussed. Results suggest that open data consistency may be achieved by consistent application of the technique of data normalization of relevant data sets. Consistent application of data normalization technique of open data sets can reduce the risk of inconsistency of the open data. That is the only way to guarantee that the open data will be the benefit to private sector.

data consistency, data quality model, open data, international standardization of quality, SQuaRE

Vostrovsky, V., Tyrychtr, J. (2018): Consistency of Open Data as Prerequisite for Usability in Agriculture. Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica, 49, 333-339. DOI: 10.2478/sab-2018-40

Files for download

sab-2018-04-10-tyrychtr.pdf

Size 1.57 MB

Download file

Performance of Coffea arabica L. in changing climate of North Sumatra of Indonesia

The performance of Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) depends on the climate, soil, pests, and elevation. Information on the performance of Arabica coffee growing in the changing climate of North Sumatra has not been available so far. To provide such information, 28 genotypes were studied. The nested design used three factors. Seven climate zones, two locations in each climate zone, and two coffee farms (genotype, G) in each location were selected. The research showed that the genotypes were highly significantly different (? = 0.01). G5, G6, and G20 produced the heaviest hundred beans. G13, G19, and G25 suffered the least coffee berry borer infestation (CBBI). The length of rainy season became the most important factor (r² = 0.54). The CBBI (y, %) correlated significantly and negatively with the elevation (x, m) with the equation of y = 46.4 – 0.025x. The climate zones showed a significant difference (? = 0.05). The genotypes produced heavy beans also in two wet months of the rainy season and one dry month. The temperature (x, °C) was the most important factor affecting CBBI (r² = 0.65) with the equation of y = –338.2 + 15.5x. The soil pH correlated significantly and positively with beans weight and bean width.

altitude, bean, berry borer, phenotype, rainfall

Malau, S., Lumbanraja, P., Pandiangan, S., Tarigan, J.R., Tindaon, F. (2018): Performance of Coffea arabica L. in changing climate of North Sumatra of Indonesia. Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica, 49, 340-349. DOI: 10.2478/sab-2018-41

Files for download

sab-2018-04-11-malau.pdf

Size 1.35 MB

Download file