This paper summarizes the current status of genetically modified (GM) crops and classifies and summarizes several techniques, comparing their strengths and limitations. This article discusses the current state, benefits, problems, and future possibilities of high-throughput sequencing for GM food detection. It aims to guide future research and development in this subject. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) provides unprecedented depth, precision, and breadth for detecting genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in food. Traditional approaches such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can only identify known genetic sequences, whereas NGS can examine the entire genome, allowing for the discovery of both known and unknown genetic alterations. This paper gives a thorough overview of NGS technologies, their use in GM food identification, benefits over existing detection methodologies, obstacles, and compatibility with current regulatory frameworks. In summary, NGS provides a diverse technique to detect GM foods that can solve present and upcoming food safety and regulatory concerns. Its application in regular analysis is predicted to increase as technology becomes more affordable and user-friendly.
next-generation sequencing, DNA sequencing, GM food, food safety, detection methods