Studying the hardness of typical chernozem is of key importance, as this indicator is an indicator of the physical properties of the soil that affect its fertility and suitability for agronomic practices. Hardness tests help identify compaction problems that can limit plant root growth and impair water and air movement in the soil. Analysis of changes in hardness over the seasons allows us to develop optimal strategies for soil cultivation and preservation of its structure. Hardness analysis was carried out directly in the field in spring, summer and autumn using a LAN-M penetrometer, an electronic device for measuring soil hardness in fields in accordance with ASAE S313.3. It was found that in the spring, before the start of grass regrowth, there is a noticeable decrease in hardness. The reason for this is hydrothermal factors and, above all, an increase in soil moisture during the autumn and winter period. The absence of precipitation for a long period of time (summer, autumn) contributes to a noticeable increase in soil hardness in all research variants. At the same time, the cultivation of different crops can have some effect on the increase or decrease in the hardness of typical chernozem. The hardness of typical chernozem depends on soil cultivation methods, the presence of moisture as an abiotic stressor, and the seasons of the year.
hardness; typical chernozem; agrophytocenosis; cultivation; abiotic factors
Dehtiarov, Y., Dehtiarova, Z. (2026): Analysis of the Hardness Dynamics of Typical Chernozem Under the Influence of Stress Factors in Different Agrophytocenoses. Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica, 57, 1, DOI: 10.7160/sab.2026.570110