Sukcese obojživelníků na územích ovlivněných těžbou: literární přehled
Authors: Vojar J.
Page: 35-40
English / Anglicky:
Amphibians are in decline worldwide, due to their ecological requirements and their sensitivity to the quality of the environment. The chief causes of this phenomenon include destruction and changes to the landscape, as a result, e.g., of mining. In the territory of the present-day Czech Republic there was a problem, above all, of opencast brown-coal mining in northwest Bohemia. After the end of mining here, interesting habitats began to arise, which are gradually being colonized by organisms including amphibians. This study summarizes and synthesizes the literature on problems of succesion of amphibians and other organisms, above all in locations affected by open-cast mining. Attention is also paid to species diversity of vertebrate communities during succesions, questions of reclamation of these territories and amphibian conservation. It si not simply a matter of conserving individual ponds, but of dealing with the whole complex of ponds, including suitable terrestrial habitats, taking into account ecological considerations and the matapopulation dynamics of species. Unreclaimed spoil heaps, above all, offer a favourable environment. The study reveals that it many locations spontaneous succesion brings higher species diversity of plant communities than it technically reclaimed territories. Although spontaneous succesion is a much cheaper reclamation alternative, only technical reclamation is systematically used in the Czech Republic.
Key-words: open-cast mining, spoil heaps, primary succesion, species diversity, herpetofauna, technical reclamation, spontaneous succesion.
Czech / Česky:
Amphibians are in decline worldwide, due to their ecological requirements and their sensitivity to the quality of the environment. The chief causes of this phenomenon include destruction and changes to th